A contribuição do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical para o conhecimento da infeção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana
Palavras-chave:
Infeção VIH, diversidade genética e epidemiologia molecular, resistência aos antirretrovirais, infeção VIH em populações de maior risco, anticorpos neutralizantes
Resumo
Ao longo dos últimos 25 anos, o Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT) tem contribuído de forma significativa para o conhecimento da patogénese da infeção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH). Os estudos realizados abrangem vários aspetos da infeção como a caraterização da história evolutiva e diversidade genética do VIH em Portugal, e em alguns países de África; as alterações na dinâmica de transmissão da epidemia do VIH particularmente em populações de maior risco, a análise das mutações virais que conferem resistência aos antirretrovirais (INI e aos PI); caraterização da resposta humoral não neutralizante e neutralizante e o desenvolvimento de vacinas para a infeção VIH.
Downloads
Não há dados estatísticos.
Referências
1. (CDC), C f D C (1981). Kaposi’s sarcoma and Pneumocystis pneumonia
among homosexual men--New York City and California. MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep 30, 305-308.
2. Barre-Sinoussi, F, Chermann, JC, Rey, F, Nugeyre, M T, Chamaret, S, Gruest,
J, Dauguet, C, Axler-Blin, C, Vezinet-Brun, F, Rouzioux, C, Rozenbaum, W, and
Montagnier, L (1983). Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at
risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science 220, 868-871.
3. Gallo, RC, Salahuddin, SZ, Popovic, M, Shearer, GM, Kaplan, M, Haynes, BF,
Palker, TJ, Redfield, R, Oleske, J, Safai, B, and et al. (1984). Frequent detection and
isolation of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and at risk
for AIDS. Science 224, 500-503.
4. Merson, MH, O’Malley, J, Serwadda, D, and Apisuk, C (2008). The history
and challenge of HIV prevention. Lancet 372, 475-488.
5. Clavel, F, Guetard, D, Brun-Vezinet, F, Chamaret, S, Rey, MA, Santos-Ferreira,
MO, Laurent, AG, Dauguet, C, Katlama, C, Rouzioux, C, and et al. (1986).
Isolation of a new human retrovirus from West African patients with AIDS. Science
233, 343-346.
6. Clavel, F, Mansinho, K, Chamaret, S, Guetard, D, Favier, V, Nina, J, Santos-
-Ferreira, MO, Champalimaud, JL, and Montagnier, L (1987). Human immunodeficiency
virus type 2 infection associated with AIDS in West Africa. The New
England journal of medicine 316, 1180-1185.
7. Faria, NR, Rambaut, A, Suchard, MA, Baele, G, Bedford, T, Ward, MJ, Tatem,
AJ, Sousa, JD, Arinaminpathy, N, Pepin, J, Posada, D, Peeters, M, Pybus, OG, and
Lemey, P (2014). HIV epidemiology. The early spread and epidemic ignition of
HIV-1 in human populations. Science 346, 56-61.
8. Santiago, M L, Range, F, Keele, B F, Li, Y, Bailes, E, Bibollet-Ruche, F, Fruteau,
C, Noe, R, Peeters, M, Brookfield, JF, Shaw, GM, Sharp, PM, and Hahn, BH
(2005). Simian immunodeficiency virus infection in free-ranging sooty mangabeys
(Cercocebus atys atys) from the Tai Forest, Cote d’Ivoire: implications for the origin
of epidemic human immunodeficiency virus type 2. Journal of virology 79,
12515-12527.
9. Gomes, P, Abecasis, A, Almeida, M, Camacho, R, and Mansinho, K (2003).
Transmission of HIV-2. The Lancet. Infectious diseases 3, 683-684.
10. Robertson, DL, Anderson, JP, Bradac, JA, Carr, JK, Foley, B, Funkhouser, RK,
Gao, F, Hahn, BH, Kalish, ML, Kuiken, C, Learn, GH, Leitner, T, McCutchan, F,
Osmanov, S, Peeters, M, Pieniazek, D, Salminen, M, Sharp, PM, Wolinsky, S, and
Korber, B (2000). HIV-1 nomenclature proposal. Science 288, 55-56.
11. Rambaut, A, Posada, D, Crandall, KA, and Holmes, EC (2004). The causes
and consequences of HIV evolution. Nature reviews. Genetics 5, 52-61.
12. Gilbert, M T, Rambaut, A, Wlasiuk, G, Spira, TJ, Pitchenik, AE, and Worobey,
M (2007). The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104, 18566-
18570.
13. Tristem, M, Mansinho, K, Champalimaud, JL, Ayres, L, and Karpas, A (1989).
Six new isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and the molecular
characterization of one (HIV-2CAM2). The Journal of general virology 70 ( Pt
2), 479-484.
14. Piedade, J, Venenno, T, Prieto, E, Albuquerque, R, Esteves, A, Parreira, R, and
Canas-Ferreira, WF (2000). Longstanding presence of HIV-2 infection in Guinea-
-Bissau (West Africa). Acta tropica 76, 119-124.
15. Parreira, R, Piedade, J, Domingues, A, Lobao, D, Santos, M, Venenno, T, Baptista,
JL, Mussa, SA, Barreto, AT, Baptista, AJ, and Esteves, A. (2006). Genetic characterization
of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from Beira, Mozambique.
Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur 8, 2442-2451.
16. Esteves, A, Parreira, R, Venenno, T, Franco, M, Piedade, J, Germano De Sousa,
J, and Canas-Ferreira, W. F. (2002). Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 infection
in Portugal: high prevalence of non-B subtypes. AIDS research and human
retroviruses 18, 313-325.
17. Abecasis, A, Paraskevis, D, Epalanga, M, Fonseca, M, Burity, F, Bartolomeu,
J, Carvalho, AP, Gomes, P, Vandamme, AM, and Camacho, R (2005). HIV-1 genetic
variants circulation in the North of Angola. Infection, genetics and evolution :
journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
5, 231-237.
18. Abecasis, AB, Wensing, AM, Paraskevis, D, Vercauteren, J, Theys, K, Van de Vijver,
DA, Albert, J, Asjo, B, Balotta, C, Beshkov, D, Camacho, RJ, Clotet, B, De Gascun,
C, Griskevicius, A, Grossman, Z, Hamouda, O, Horban, A, Kolupajeva, T, Korn,
K, Kostrikis, LG, Kucherer, C, Liitsola, K, Linka, M, Nielsen, C, Otelea, D, Paredes,
R, Poljak, M, Puchhammer-Stockl, E, Schmit, JC, Sonnerborg, A, Stanekova, D,
Stanojevic, M, Struck, D, Boucher, CA, and Vandamme, AM (2013). HIV-1 subtype
distribution and its demographic determinants in newly diagnosed patients in Europe
suggest highly compartmentalized epidemics. Retrovirology 10, 7.
19. Palma, AC, Araújo, F, Duque, V, Borges, F, Paixão, MT, Camacho, R, and
Network, PS (2007). Molecular epidemiology and prevalence of drug resistance-
-associated mutations in newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in Portugal. Infect Genet
Evol 7, 391-398.
20. Bártolo, I, Abecasis, AB, Borrego, P, Barroso, H, McCutchan, F, Gomes, P,
Camacho, R, and Taveira, N (2011). Origin and epidemiological history of HIV-1
CRF14_BG. PLoS One 6, e24130.
21. Esteves, A, Parreira, R, Piedade, J, Venenno, T, Franco, M, Germano de Sousa,
J, Patricio, L, Brum, P, Costa, A, and Canas-Ferreira, WF (2003). Spreading of HIV-
1 subtype G and envB/gagG recombinant strains among injecting drug users in
Lisbon, Portugal. AIDS research and human retroviruses 19, 511-517.
22. Freitas, FB, Esteves, A, Piedade, J, and Parreira, R (2013). Novel multiregion
hybridization assay for the identification of the most prevalent genetic forms of the
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating in Portugal. AIDS research and
human retroviruses 29, 318-328.
23. Chaisson, RE, Allain, JP, Leuther, M, and Volberding, PA (1986). Significant
changes in HIV antigen level in the serum of patients treated with azidothymidine.
The New England journal of medicine 315, 1610-1611.
24. Larder, BA, Darby, G, and Richman, DD (1989). HIV with reduced sensitivity
to zidovudine (AZT) isolated during prolonged therapy. Science 243, 1731-1734.
25. Abecasis, AB, Vandamme, AM, and Lemey, P (2009). Quantifying differences
in the tempo of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype evolution. Journal
of virology 83, 12917-12924.
26. Abecasis, AB, Deforche, K, Snoeck, J, Bacheler, LT, McKenna, P, Carvalho, AP,
Gomes, P, Camacho, RJ, and Vandamme, AM (2005). Protease mutation M89I/V is
linked to therapy failure in patients infected with the HIV-1 non-B subtypes C, F or
G. Aids 19, 1799-1806.
27. Camacho, RJ (2012). Special aspects of the treatment of HIV-2-infected patients.
Intervirology 55, 179-183.
28. Witvrouw, M, Pannecouque, C, Switzer, WM, Folks, TM, De Clercq, E, and
Heneine, W (2004). Susceptibility of HIV-2, SIV and SHIV to various anti-HIV-1
compounds: implications for treatment and postexposure prophylaxis. Antiviral
therapy 9, 57-65.
29. Cavaco-Silva, J, Abecasis, A, Miranda, AC, Poças, J, Narciso, J, Águas, MJ,
Maltez, F, Almeida, I, Germano, I, Diniz, A, Gonçalves, M e F, Gomes, P, Cunha,
C, Camacho, RJ, and Group, P. H.-R. S. (2014). HIV-2 integrase polymorphisms
and longitudinal genotypic analysis of HIV-2 infected patients failing a raltegravir-
-containing regimen. PLoS One 9, e92747.
30. Cavaco-Silva, J, Aleixo, MJ, Van Laethem, K, Faria, D, Valadas, E, Gonçalves,
M e. F, Gomes, P, Vandamme, AM, Cunha, C, Camacho, RJ, and Group, P. H.-R. S.
(2013). Mutations selected in HIV-2-infected patients failing a regimen including
atazanavir. J Antimicrob Chemother 68, 190-192.
31. Hamers, FF, and Downs, AM (2004). The changing face of the HIV epidemic
in western Europe: what are the implications for public health policies? Lancet 364,
83-94.
32. Baral, S, Sifakis, F, Cleghorn, F, and Beyrer, C (2007). Elevated risk for HIV
infection among men who have sex with men in low- and middle-income countries
2000-2006: a systematic review. PLoS medicine 4, e339.
33. van de Laar, MJ (2009). HIV/AIDS and other STI in men who have sex with
men--a continuous challenge for public health. Euro surveillance, vol. 14.
34. Boily, MC, Godin, G, Hogben, M, Sherr, L, and Bastos, FI (2005). The impact
of the transmission dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on sexual behaviour: a
new hypothesis to explain recent increases in risk taking-behaviour among men
who have sex with men. Medical hypotheses 65, 215-226.
35. Beyrer, C, Baral, SD, van Griensven, F, Goodreau, SM, Chariyalertsak, S,
Wirtz, AL, and Brookmeyer, R (2012). Global epidemiology of HIV infection in
men who have sex with men. Lancet 380, 367-377.
36. Grov, C, Hirshfield, S, Remien, RH, Humberstone, M, and Chiasson, MA
(2013). Exploring the venue’s role in risky sexual behavior among gay and bisexual
men: an event-level analysis from a national online survey in the U.S. Archives of
sexual behavior 42, 291-302.
37. Baral, S, Beyrer, C, Muessig, K, Poteat, T, Wirtz, AL, Decker, MR, Sherman,
SG, and Kerrigan, D (2012). Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-
-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The
Lancet. Infectious diseases 12, 538-549.
38. Dias, S, Gama, A, Fuertes, R, Mendao, L, and Barros, H (2014). Risk-taking
behaviours and HIV infection among sex workers in Portugal: results from a cross-
-sectional survey. Sexually transmitted infections.
39. Dias, S (2015). The role of men who pay for sex in STI transmission: current
knowledge and future directions. The contribution of the third UK National Survey of
Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3). Sexually transmitted infections 91, 78-79.
40. Dias, S, Gama, A, Severo, M, and Barros, H (2011). Factors associated with
HIV testing among immigrants in Portugal. International journal of public health
56, 559-566.
41. Magnani, R, Sabin, K, Saidel, T, and Heckathorn, D (2005). Review of sampling
hard-to-reach and hidden populations for HIV surveillance. Aids 19 Suppl 2,
S67-72.
42. Muhib, FB, Lin, LS, Stueve, A, Miller, RL, Ford, WL, Johnson, WD, Smith, PJ,
and Team, C. I. T. f. Y. S. (2001). A venue-based method for sampling hard-to-reach
populations. Public Health Rep 116 Suppl 1, 216-222.
43. Israel, BA, Schulz, AJ, Parker, EA, and Becker, AB (1998). Review of community-
based research: assessing partnership approaches to improve public health.
Annual review of public health 19, 173-202.
44. Dias, S, and Gama, A (2014). [Community-based participatory research in
public health: potentials and challenges]. Revista panamericana de salud publica =
Pan American journal of public health 35, 150-154.
45. Clavier, C, Senechal, Y, Vibert, S, and Potvin, L (2012). A theory-based model
of translation practices in public health participatory research. Sociology of health
& illness 34, 791-805.
46. Ramsden, VR, McKay, S, and Crowe, J (2010). The pursuit of excellence: engaging
the community in participatory health research. Global health promotion
17, 32-42.
47. Richman, DD, Wrin, T, Little, SJ, and Petropoulos, CJ (2003). Rapid evolution
of the neutralizing antibody response to HIV type 1 infection. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100, 4144-
4149.
48. Walker, LM, Huber, M, Doores, KJ, Falkowska, E, Pejchal, R, Julien, JP,
Wang, SK, Ramos, A, Chan-Hui, PY, Moyle, M, Mitcham, JL, Hammond, PW,
Olsen, OA, Phung, P, Fling, S, Wong, CH, Phogat, S, Wrin, T, Simek, MD, Koff,
WC, Wilson, I A, Burton, DR, Poignard, P, and Investigators, PGP (2011). Broad
neutralization coverage of HIV by multiple highly potent antibodies. Nature 477,
466-470.
49 Klein, F, Mouquet, H, Dosenovic, P, Scheid, JF, Scharf, L, and Nussenzweig,
MC (2013). Antibodies in HIV-1 vaccine development and therapy. Science 341,
1199-1204.
50. Liao, HX, Lynch, R, Zhou, T, Gao, F, Alam, SM, Boyd, SD, Fire, AZ, Roskin,
KM, Schramm, CA, Zhang, Z, Zhu, J, Shapiro, L, Mullikin, JC, Gnanakaran, S,
Hraber, P, Wiehe, K, Kelsoe, G, Yang, G, Xia, SM, Montefiori, DC, Parks, R, Lloyd,
KE, Scearce, RM, Soderberg, KA, Cohen, M, Kamanga, G, Louder, M K, Tran, L
M, Chen, Y, Cai, F, Chen, S, Moquin, S, Du, X, Joyce, MG, Srivatsan, S, Zhang, B,
Zheng, A, Shaw, GM, Hahn, BH, Kepler, TB, Korber, BT, Kwong, PD, Mascola,
JR, Haynes, BF, and Program, NCS (2013). Co-evolution of a broadly neutralizing
HIV-1 antibody and founder virus. Nature 496, 469-476.
51. Jardine, J, Julien, JP, Menis, S, Ota, T, Kalyuzhniy, O, McGuire, A, Sok, D, Huang,
PS, MacPherson, S, Jones, M, Nieusma, T, Mathison, J, Baker, D, Ward, AB, Burton, DR,
Stamatatos, L, Nemazee, D, Wilson, IA, and Schief, WR (2013). Rational HIV immunogen
design to target specific germline B cell receptors. Science 340, 711-716.
52. Mouquet, H (2014). Antibody B cell responses in HIV-1 infection. Trends in
immunology 35, 549-561.
53. Mouquet, H, Klein, F, Scheid, JF, Warncke, M, Pietzsch, J, Oliveira, T Y, Velinzon,
K, Seaman, MS, and Nussenzweig, MC (2011). Memory B cell antibodies to
HIV-1 gp140 cloned from individuals infected with clade A and B viruses. PloS one
6, e24078.
54. Marcelino, JM, Nilsson, C, Barroso, H, Gomes, P, Borrego, P, Maltez, F, Rosado,
L, Doroana, M, Antunes, F, and Taveira, N (2008). Envelope-specific antibody
response in HIV-2 infection: C2V3C3-specific IgG response is associated with disease
progression. Aids 22, 2257-2265.
55. Rocha, C, Calado, R, Borrego, P, Marcelino, JM, Bartolo, I, Rosado, L, Cavaco-
Silva, P, Gomes, P, Familia, C, Quintas, A, Skar, H, Leitner, T, Barroso, H, and
Taveira, N (2013). Evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope
in the first years of infection is associated with the dynamics of the neutralizing
antibody response. Retrovirology 10, 110.
56. Borrego, P, Marcelino, JM, Rocha, C, Doroana, M, Antunes, F, Maltez, F, Gomes,
P, Novo, C, Barroso, H, and Taveira, N (2008). The role of the humoral immune
response in the molecular evolution of the envelope C2, V3 and C3 regions in
chronically HIV-2 infected patients. Retrovirology 5, 78.
57. Marcelino, JM, Borrego, P, Nilsson, C, Familia, C, Barroso, H, Maltez, F, Doroana,
M, Antunes, F, Quintas, A, and Taveira, N (2012). Resistance to antibody
neutralization in HIV-2 infection occurs in late stage disease and is associated with
X4 tropism. Aids 26, 2275-2284.
58. Barroso, H, Borrego, P, Bartolo, I, Marcelino, JM, Familia, C, Quintas, A, and
Taveira, N (2011). Evolutionary and structural features of the C2, V3 and C3 envelope
regions underlying the differences in HIV-1 and HIV-2 biology and infection.
PloS one 6, e14548.
59. Marcelino, JM, Borrego, P, Rocha, C, Barroso, H, Quintas, A, Novo, C, and
Taveira, N (2010). Potent and broadly reactive HIV-2 neutralizing antibodies elicited
by a vaccinia virus vector prime-C2V3C3 polypeptide boost immunization
strategy. Journal of virology 84, 12429-12436.
among homosexual men--New York City and California. MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep 30, 305-308.
2. Barre-Sinoussi, F, Chermann, JC, Rey, F, Nugeyre, M T, Chamaret, S, Gruest,
J, Dauguet, C, Axler-Blin, C, Vezinet-Brun, F, Rouzioux, C, Rozenbaum, W, and
Montagnier, L (1983). Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at
risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science 220, 868-871.
3. Gallo, RC, Salahuddin, SZ, Popovic, M, Shearer, GM, Kaplan, M, Haynes, BF,
Palker, TJ, Redfield, R, Oleske, J, Safai, B, and et al. (1984). Frequent detection and
isolation of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and at risk
for AIDS. Science 224, 500-503.
4. Merson, MH, O’Malley, J, Serwadda, D, and Apisuk, C (2008). The history
and challenge of HIV prevention. Lancet 372, 475-488.
5. Clavel, F, Guetard, D, Brun-Vezinet, F, Chamaret, S, Rey, MA, Santos-Ferreira,
MO, Laurent, AG, Dauguet, C, Katlama, C, Rouzioux, C, and et al. (1986).
Isolation of a new human retrovirus from West African patients with AIDS. Science
233, 343-346.
6. Clavel, F, Mansinho, K, Chamaret, S, Guetard, D, Favier, V, Nina, J, Santos-
-Ferreira, MO, Champalimaud, JL, and Montagnier, L (1987). Human immunodeficiency
virus type 2 infection associated with AIDS in West Africa. The New
England journal of medicine 316, 1180-1185.
7. Faria, NR, Rambaut, A, Suchard, MA, Baele, G, Bedford, T, Ward, MJ, Tatem,
AJ, Sousa, JD, Arinaminpathy, N, Pepin, J, Posada, D, Peeters, M, Pybus, OG, and
Lemey, P (2014). HIV epidemiology. The early spread and epidemic ignition of
HIV-1 in human populations. Science 346, 56-61.
8. Santiago, M L, Range, F, Keele, B F, Li, Y, Bailes, E, Bibollet-Ruche, F, Fruteau,
C, Noe, R, Peeters, M, Brookfield, JF, Shaw, GM, Sharp, PM, and Hahn, BH
(2005). Simian immunodeficiency virus infection in free-ranging sooty mangabeys
(Cercocebus atys atys) from the Tai Forest, Cote d’Ivoire: implications for the origin
of epidemic human immunodeficiency virus type 2. Journal of virology 79,
12515-12527.
9. Gomes, P, Abecasis, A, Almeida, M, Camacho, R, and Mansinho, K (2003).
Transmission of HIV-2. The Lancet. Infectious diseases 3, 683-684.
10. Robertson, DL, Anderson, JP, Bradac, JA, Carr, JK, Foley, B, Funkhouser, RK,
Gao, F, Hahn, BH, Kalish, ML, Kuiken, C, Learn, GH, Leitner, T, McCutchan, F,
Osmanov, S, Peeters, M, Pieniazek, D, Salminen, M, Sharp, PM, Wolinsky, S, and
Korber, B (2000). HIV-1 nomenclature proposal. Science 288, 55-56.
11. Rambaut, A, Posada, D, Crandall, KA, and Holmes, EC (2004). The causes
and consequences of HIV evolution. Nature reviews. Genetics 5, 52-61.
12. Gilbert, M T, Rambaut, A, Wlasiuk, G, Spira, TJ, Pitchenik, AE, and Worobey,
M (2007). The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104, 18566-
18570.
13. Tristem, M, Mansinho, K, Champalimaud, JL, Ayres, L, and Karpas, A (1989).
Six new isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and the molecular
characterization of one (HIV-2CAM2). The Journal of general virology 70 ( Pt
2), 479-484.
14. Piedade, J, Venenno, T, Prieto, E, Albuquerque, R, Esteves, A, Parreira, R, and
Canas-Ferreira, WF (2000). Longstanding presence of HIV-2 infection in Guinea-
-Bissau (West Africa). Acta tropica 76, 119-124.
15. Parreira, R, Piedade, J, Domingues, A, Lobao, D, Santos, M, Venenno, T, Baptista,
JL, Mussa, SA, Barreto, AT, Baptista, AJ, and Esteves, A. (2006). Genetic characterization
of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from Beira, Mozambique.
Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur 8, 2442-2451.
16. Esteves, A, Parreira, R, Venenno, T, Franco, M, Piedade, J, Germano De Sousa,
J, and Canas-Ferreira, W. F. (2002). Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 infection
in Portugal: high prevalence of non-B subtypes. AIDS research and human
retroviruses 18, 313-325.
17. Abecasis, A, Paraskevis, D, Epalanga, M, Fonseca, M, Burity, F, Bartolomeu,
J, Carvalho, AP, Gomes, P, Vandamme, AM, and Camacho, R (2005). HIV-1 genetic
variants circulation in the North of Angola. Infection, genetics and evolution :
journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
5, 231-237.
18. Abecasis, AB, Wensing, AM, Paraskevis, D, Vercauteren, J, Theys, K, Van de Vijver,
DA, Albert, J, Asjo, B, Balotta, C, Beshkov, D, Camacho, RJ, Clotet, B, De Gascun,
C, Griskevicius, A, Grossman, Z, Hamouda, O, Horban, A, Kolupajeva, T, Korn,
K, Kostrikis, LG, Kucherer, C, Liitsola, K, Linka, M, Nielsen, C, Otelea, D, Paredes,
R, Poljak, M, Puchhammer-Stockl, E, Schmit, JC, Sonnerborg, A, Stanekova, D,
Stanojevic, M, Struck, D, Boucher, CA, and Vandamme, AM (2013). HIV-1 subtype
distribution and its demographic determinants in newly diagnosed patients in Europe
suggest highly compartmentalized epidemics. Retrovirology 10, 7.
19. Palma, AC, Araújo, F, Duque, V, Borges, F, Paixão, MT, Camacho, R, and
Network, PS (2007). Molecular epidemiology and prevalence of drug resistance-
-associated mutations in newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in Portugal. Infect Genet
Evol 7, 391-398.
20. Bártolo, I, Abecasis, AB, Borrego, P, Barroso, H, McCutchan, F, Gomes, P,
Camacho, R, and Taveira, N (2011). Origin and epidemiological history of HIV-1
CRF14_BG. PLoS One 6, e24130.
21. Esteves, A, Parreira, R, Piedade, J, Venenno, T, Franco, M, Germano de Sousa,
J, Patricio, L, Brum, P, Costa, A, and Canas-Ferreira, WF (2003). Spreading of HIV-
1 subtype G and envB/gagG recombinant strains among injecting drug users in
Lisbon, Portugal. AIDS research and human retroviruses 19, 511-517.
22. Freitas, FB, Esteves, A, Piedade, J, and Parreira, R (2013). Novel multiregion
hybridization assay for the identification of the most prevalent genetic forms of the
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating in Portugal. AIDS research and
human retroviruses 29, 318-328.
23. Chaisson, RE, Allain, JP, Leuther, M, and Volberding, PA (1986). Significant
changes in HIV antigen level in the serum of patients treated with azidothymidine.
The New England journal of medicine 315, 1610-1611.
24. Larder, BA, Darby, G, and Richman, DD (1989). HIV with reduced sensitivity
to zidovudine (AZT) isolated during prolonged therapy. Science 243, 1731-1734.
25. Abecasis, AB, Vandamme, AM, and Lemey, P (2009). Quantifying differences
in the tempo of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype evolution. Journal
of virology 83, 12917-12924.
26. Abecasis, AB, Deforche, K, Snoeck, J, Bacheler, LT, McKenna, P, Carvalho, AP,
Gomes, P, Camacho, RJ, and Vandamme, AM (2005). Protease mutation M89I/V is
linked to therapy failure in patients infected with the HIV-1 non-B subtypes C, F or
G. Aids 19, 1799-1806.
27. Camacho, RJ (2012). Special aspects of the treatment of HIV-2-infected patients.
Intervirology 55, 179-183.
28. Witvrouw, M, Pannecouque, C, Switzer, WM, Folks, TM, De Clercq, E, and
Heneine, W (2004). Susceptibility of HIV-2, SIV and SHIV to various anti-HIV-1
compounds: implications for treatment and postexposure prophylaxis. Antiviral
therapy 9, 57-65.
29. Cavaco-Silva, J, Abecasis, A, Miranda, AC, Poças, J, Narciso, J, Águas, MJ,
Maltez, F, Almeida, I, Germano, I, Diniz, A, Gonçalves, M e F, Gomes, P, Cunha,
C, Camacho, RJ, and Group, P. H.-R. S. (2014). HIV-2 integrase polymorphisms
and longitudinal genotypic analysis of HIV-2 infected patients failing a raltegravir-
-containing regimen. PLoS One 9, e92747.
30. Cavaco-Silva, J, Aleixo, MJ, Van Laethem, K, Faria, D, Valadas, E, Gonçalves,
M e. F, Gomes, P, Vandamme, AM, Cunha, C, Camacho, RJ, and Group, P. H.-R. S.
(2013). Mutations selected in HIV-2-infected patients failing a regimen including
atazanavir. J Antimicrob Chemother 68, 190-192.
31. Hamers, FF, and Downs, AM (2004). The changing face of the HIV epidemic
in western Europe: what are the implications for public health policies? Lancet 364,
83-94.
32. Baral, S, Sifakis, F, Cleghorn, F, and Beyrer, C (2007). Elevated risk for HIV
infection among men who have sex with men in low- and middle-income countries
2000-2006: a systematic review. PLoS medicine 4, e339.
33. van de Laar, MJ (2009). HIV/AIDS and other STI in men who have sex with
men--a continuous challenge for public health. Euro surveillance, vol. 14.
34. Boily, MC, Godin, G, Hogben, M, Sherr, L, and Bastos, FI (2005). The impact
of the transmission dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on sexual behaviour: a
new hypothesis to explain recent increases in risk taking-behaviour among men
who have sex with men. Medical hypotheses 65, 215-226.
35. Beyrer, C, Baral, SD, van Griensven, F, Goodreau, SM, Chariyalertsak, S,
Wirtz, AL, and Brookmeyer, R (2012). Global epidemiology of HIV infection in
men who have sex with men. Lancet 380, 367-377.
36. Grov, C, Hirshfield, S, Remien, RH, Humberstone, M, and Chiasson, MA
(2013). Exploring the venue’s role in risky sexual behavior among gay and bisexual
men: an event-level analysis from a national online survey in the U.S. Archives of
sexual behavior 42, 291-302.
37. Baral, S, Beyrer, C, Muessig, K, Poteat, T, Wirtz, AL, Decker, MR, Sherman,
SG, and Kerrigan, D (2012). Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-
-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The
Lancet. Infectious diseases 12, 538-549.
38. Dias, S, Gama, A, Fuertes, R, Mendao, L, and Barros, H (2014). Risk-taking
behaviours and HIV infection among sex workers in Portugal: results from a cross-
-sectional survey. Sexually transmitted infections.
39. Dias, S (2015). The role of men who pay for sex in STI transmission: current
knowledge and future directions. The contribution of the third UK National Survey of
Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3). Sexually transmitted infections 91, 78-79.
40. Dias, S, Gama, A, Severo, M, and Barros, H (2011). Factors associated with
HIV testing among immigrants in Portugal. International journal of public health
56, 559-566.
41. Magnani, R, Sabin, K, Saidel, T, and Heckathorn, D (2005). Review of sampling
hard-to-reach and hidden populations for HIV surveillance. Aids 19 Suppl 2,
S67-72.
42. Muhib, FB, Lin, LS, Stueve, A, Miller, RL, Ford, WL, Johnson, WD, Smith, PJ,
and Team, C. I. T. f. Y. S. (2001). A venue-based method for sampling hard-to-reach
populations. Public Health Rep 116 Suppl 1, 216-222.
43. Israel, BA, Schulz, AJ, Parker, EA, and Becker, AB (1998). Review of community-
based research: assessing partnership approaches to improve public health.
Annual review of public health 19, 173-202.
44. Dias, S, and Gama, A (2014). [Community-based participatory research in
public health: potentials and challenges]. Revista panamericana de salud publica =
Pan American journal of public health 35, 150-154.
45. Clavier, C, Senechal, Y, Vibert, S, and Potvin, L (2012). A theory-based model
of translation practices in public health participatory research. Sociology of health
& illness 34, 791-805.
46. Ramsden, VR, McKay, S, and Crowe, J (2010). The pursuit of excellence: engaging
the community in participatory health research. Global health promotion
17, 32-42.
47. Richman, DD, Wrin, T, Little, SJ, and Petropoulos, CJ (2003). Rapid evolution
of the neutralizing antibody response to HIV type 1 infection. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100, 4144-
4149.
48. Walker, LM, Huber, M, Doores, KJ, Falkowska, E, Pejchal, R, Julien, JP,
Wang, SK, Ramos, A, Chan-Hui, PY, Moyle, M, Mitcham, JL, Hammond, PW,
Olsen, OA, Phung, P, Fling, S, Wong, CH, Phogat, S, Wrin, T, Simek, MD, Koff,
WC, Wilson, I A, Burton, DR, Poignard, P, and Investigators, PGP (2011). Broad
neutralization coverage of HIV by multiple highly potent antibodies. Nature 477,
466-470.
49 Klein, F, Mouquet, H, Dosenovic, P, Scheid, JF, Scharf, L, and Nussenzweig,
MC (2013). Antibodies in HIV-1 vaccine development and therapy. Science 341,
1199-1204.
50. Liao, HX, Lynch, R, Zhou, T, Gao, F, Alam, SM, Boyd, SD, Fire, AZ, Roskin,
KM, Schramm, CA, Zhang, Z, Zhu, J, Shapiro, L, Mullikin, JC, Gnanakaran, S,
Hraber, P, Wiehe, K, Kelsoe, G, Yang, G, Xia, SM, Montefiori, DC, Parks, R, Lloyd,
KE, Scearce, RM, Soderberg, KA, Cohen, M, Kamanga, G, Louder, M K, Tran, L
M, Chen, Y, Cai, F, Chen, S, Moquin, S, Du, X, Joyce, MG, Srivatsan, S, Zhang, B,
Zheng, A, Shaw, GM, Hahn, BH, Kepler, TB, Korber, BT, Kwong, PD, Mascola,
JR, Haynes, BF, and Program, NCS (2013). Co-evolution of a broadly neutralizing
HIV-1 antibody and founder virus. Nature 496, 469-476.
51. Jardine, J, Julien, JP, Menis, S, Ota, T, Kalyuzhniy, O, McGuire, A, Sok, D, Huang,
PS, MacPherson, S, Jones, M, Nieusma, T, Mathison, J, Baker, D, Ward, AB, Burton, DR,
Stamatatos, L, Nemazee, D, Wilson, IA, and Schief, WR (2013). Rational HIV immunogen
design to target specific germline B cell receptors. Science 340, 711-716.
52. Mouquet, H (2014). Antibody B cell responses in HIV-1 infection. Trends in
immunology 35, 549-561.
53. Mouquet, H, Klein, F, Scheid, JF, Warncke, M, Pietzsch, J, Oliveira, T Y, Velinzon,
K, Seaman, MS, and Nussenzweig, MC (2011). Memory B cell antibodies to
HIV-1 gp140 cloned from individuals infected with clade A and B viruses. PloS one
6, e24078.
54. Marcelino, JM, Nilsson, C, Barroso, H, Gomes, P, Borrego, P, Maltez, F, Rosado,
L, Doroana, M, Antunes, F, and Taveira, N (2008). Envelope-specific antibody
response in HIV-2 infection: C2V3C3-specific IgG response is associated with disease
progression. Aids 22, 2257-2265.
55. Rocha, C, Calado, R, Borrego, P, Marcelino, JM, Bartolo, I, Rosado, L, Cavaco-
Silva, P, Gomes, P, Familia, C, Quintas, A, Skar, H, Leitner, T, Barroso, H, and
Taveira, N (2013). Evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope
in the first years of infection is associated with the dynamics of the neutralizing
antibody response. Retrovirology 10, 110.
56. Borrego, P, Marcelino, JM, Rocha, C, Doroana, M, Antunes, F, Maltez, F, Gomes,
P, Novo, C, Barroso, H, and Taveira, N (2008). The role of the humoral immune
response in the molecular evolution of the envelope C2, V3 and C3 regions in
chronically HIV-2 infected patients. Retrovirology 5, 78.
57. Marcelino, JM, Borrego, P, Nilsson, C, Familia, C, Barroso, H, Maltez, F, Doroana,
M, Antunes, F, Quintas, A, and Taveira, N (2012). Resistance to antibody
neutralization in HIV-2 infection occurs in late stage disease and is associated with
X4 tropism. Aids 26, 2275-2284.
58. Barroso, H, Borrego, P, Bartolo, I, Marcelino, JM, Familia, C, Quintas, A, and
Taveira, N (2011). Evolutionary and structural features of the C2, V3 and C3 envelope
regions underlying the differences in HIV-1 and HIV-2 biology and infection.
PloS one 6, e14548.
59. Marcelino, JM, Borrego, P, Rocha, C, Barroso, H, Quintas, A, Novo, C, and
Taveira, N (2010). Potent and broadly reactive HIV-2 neutralizing antibodies elicited
by a vaccinia virus vector prime-C2V3C3 polypeptide boost immunization
strategy. Journal of virology 84, 12429-12436.
Publicado
2018-09-03
Como Citar
1.
Abecasis AB, Dias S, Marcelino JM. A contribuição do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical para o conhecimento da infeção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana. ihmt [Internet]. 3Set.2018 [citado 27Nov.2024];13:37-5. Available from: https://anaisihmt.com/index.php/ihmt/article/view/170
Secção
Artigos Originais
