O sistema de saúde irlandês e a crise: um estudo de caso na luta pela capacidade do Estado Social
Resumo
O sistema de saúde irlandês pode ser caracterizado como um sistema Beverigeano fraco, sem direito a cuidados de saúde gratuitos e com substanciais listas de espera para casos agudos. Um pouco menos de metade da população tem, de forma voluntária, um seguro de saúde privado havendo dois níveis de acesso para cidadãos com casos agudos a médicos a exercer em vários setores. A Irlanda sofreu uma grave crise económica multifacetada a partir de 2008. O governo foi forçado a um resgate da Troika de €85 mil milhões no final de 2010 do qual saiu no final de 2013. O Memorando de Entendimento inicial tinha uma grande margem de manobra para o setor da saúde, embora tenha havido muito diálogo entre o governo irlandês e a Troika sobre o excesso de despesa, competitividade, sistemas de segurança e os elevados custos com medicamentos. No entanto, na realidade, a Irlanda impôs o seu próprio programa de austeridade, cortando recursos na saúde e mudando os custos para o lado das famílias. Isto teve consequências negativas na proteção social das famílias, agravamento das listas de espera hospitalares e, de uma forma geral, para o estado de saúde da população, embora se verificasse paralelamente alguma melhoria de eficiência. Ainda assim, há esperança num melhor sistema de saúde com o desenvolvimento interpartidário do Plano Sláintecare que tem como objetivo implementar num prazo de dez anos um sistema de saúde universal, através de uma revisão do sistema e do alargamento dos direitos. Apesar da oposição dos poderes instituídos, pouco a pouco, esta reforma tem vindo a ser implementada.
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