Visualizando uma Aldeia Saudável: Projeto piloto de educação fundamental da UNESCO na China
Resumo
Sete décadas atrás, a UNESCO (Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação Científica e Cultural) concluiu que a educação em saúde era um elemento integral em programas educacionais que visavam o desenvolvimento social holístico e que a educação em saúde não era apenas mais necessária na China, mas também universal em muitas sociedades asiáticas coloniais e outros países subdesenvolvidos. Neste contexto, a UNESCO e a China cooperaram numa experiência de educação em saúde pública com ajudas audiovisuais, cuja experiência foi considerada valiosa para vastos países subdesenvolvidos e circulou através da casa da UNESCO em todo o mundo. Localizado em uma longa história de diálogo transcultural sobre doenças entre a China e o Ocidente, este artigo examina de perto este projeto piloto conjunto UNESCO-China sobre “a Aldeia Saudável”. Este artigo ilustra como a representação verbal e visual da doença e do conhecimento científico-médico foi negociada, acomodada e mediada entre especialistas da UNESCO, ativistas locais chineses e moradores locais para construir um teatro de verdade médica durante a produção e aplicação de ajudas audiovisuais, como cartazes, folhetos, slides de cinema, animação etc., neste projeto piloto. Com materiais simples e vívidos, este projeto conjunto UNESCO-China tentou ensinar aos moradores chineses conhecimentos médicos básicos e praticar higiene pessoal e pública em atividades domésticas e comunitárias. O objetivo era prevenir doenças infeciosas que poderiam espalhar-se entre animais e seres humanos e construir aptidão física no quadro de desenvolvimento mais amplo. Neste sentido, o projeto piloto “Aldeia Saudável” foi um experimento preliminar com a ideia de “Uma Saúde”.
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