Primeira deteção de DNA de Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato em javalis
Palavras-chave:
Complexo Borrelia burgdorferi, Sus scrofa, Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase, Portugal, Doença de Lyme
Resumo
A borreliose de Lyme (BL) é a zoonose associada a carraças mais comum no hemisfério norte, mas em Portugal, apesar de doença de declaração obrigatória, continua sub-diagnosticada e sub-reportada. Esta doença emergente é causada por espiroquetas do complexo Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, transmitidas pela mordedura de carraças infetadas do género Ixodes, em particular I. ricinus, o principal vetor na Europa. Vários vertebrados são hospedeiros de carraças, entre os quais se inclui o javali, espécie cinegética de grande valor económico na região de Trás-os-Montes, e cujo papel no ciclo epidemiológico da BL permanece indeterminado. Soros de 90 javalis abatidos na referida região (época venatória 2011/12) foram recolhidos e analisados por nested-PCR. DNA de Borrelia foi detetado pela primeira vez em três animais, tendo os resultados de sequenciação mostrado 100% de similaridade com B. afzelii, geralmente associada a pequenos mamíferos (roedores, etc.). Estes resultados sugerem o javali como potencial reservatório desta espiroqueta, representando a sua circulação nesta região um risco de infeção para grupos ocupacionais relacionados com a caça (caçadores, gestores, etc.) e seus cães, devido ao contacto recorrente com animais e vegetação infestados por carraças . Este trabalho enfatiza a necessidade de uma abordagem "One Health" quanto a estratégias de prevenção e controlo de doenças zoonóticas emergentes, nomeadamente a BL.
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Referências
1. WHO Regional Office for Europe/ECDC World Health Day 2014 Fact sheets
- Vector-borne diseases (2014). Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Consultado em 10 de
setembro de 2015. In: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/vectors/world-
-health-day-2014/Documents/factsheet-lyme-borreliosis.pdf
2. Rizzoli A, Hauffe H, Carpi G, Vourc HG, Neteler M, Rosa R (2011). Lyme
borreliosis in Europe. Euro Surveill 16(27): pii= 19906.
3. EUCALB (2015). European Concerted Action on Lyme Borreliosis (EUCALB).
Consultado em 10 de Setembro de 2015. In: http://meduni09.edis.at/
eucalb/cms_15/index.php
4. Gern L (2009). Life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and transmission to
humans. Curr Probl Dermatol 37:18-30.
5. Rudenko N, Golovchenko M, Grubhoffer L, Oliver JH (2011). Updates on
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex with respect to public health. Ticks Tick
Borne Dis 2(3): 123-128.
6. Ivanova LB, Tomova A, González-Acuña D, Murúa R, Moreno CX, Hernández
C, Cabello J, Cabello C, Daniels TJ, Godfrey HP, Cabello FC (2014). Borrelia chilensis,
a new member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex that extends the
range of this genospecies in the Southern Hemisphere. Environ Microbiol 16(4):
1069-1080.
7. Humair PF, Gern L (2000). The wild hidden face of Lyme borreliosis in Europe.
Microbes Infect, 2(8): 915-922.
8. Stanek G; Fingerle V, Hunfeld KP, Jaulhac B, Kaiser R, Krause A, Kristoferitsch
W, O’Connell S, Ornstein K, Strle F, Gray J (2011). Lyme borreliosis: Clinical
case definitions for diagnosis and management in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect
17(1): 69-79.
9. David de Morais JA, Filipe AR, Núncio MS (1989). Doença de Lyme em Portugal:
caso clínico. Rev Port Doenças Infec 12: 261-274.
10. Núncio M, Péter O, Alves M, Bacellar F, Filipe A (1993). Isolamento e caracterização
de borrélias de Ixodes ricinus em Portugal. Rev Port Doenças Infec 16:175-
179.
11. Collares-Pereira M, Couceiro S, Franca I, Kurtenbach K, Schäfer SM, Vitorino
L, Gonçalves L, Baptista S, Vieira ML, Cunha C (2004). First Isolation of Borrelia
lusitaniae from a human patient. J Clin Microbiol 42(3): 1316-1318.
12. Couceiro S, Baptista S, Franca I, Gonçalves L, Vieira ML, & Collares-Pereira,
M (2003). Cultura vs PCR: que apoio ao diagnóstico de Borreliose de Lyme? Acta
Reumatol Port 28(2): 77-82.
13. Lopes de Carvalho I, Núncio MS (2006). Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis
at the Portuguese National Institute of Health (1990-2004). Euro Surveill
11(10): 257-60.
14. Lopes de Carvalho I, Milhano N, Santos AS, Almeida V, Barros SC, de Sousa R,
Núncio MS (2008). Detection of Borrelia lusitaniae, Rickettsia sp. IRS3, Rickettsia monacensis,
and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus collected in Madeira Island,
Portugal. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis 8(4): 575-579.
15. Gern L, Estrada-Peña A, Frandsen F, Gray JS, Jaenson TGT, Jongejan F, Kahl
O, Korenberg E, Mehl R, Nuttall PA (1998). European reservoir hosts of Borrelia
burgdorferi sensu lato. Zentralbl Bakteriol 287: 196-204.
16. Santos P, Fernández-Llario P, Fonseca C, Monzón A, Bento P, Soares AMV.M,
Mateos-Quesada P, Petrucci-Fonseca F (2006). Habitat and reproductive phenology
of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the western Iberian Peninsula. Eur J Wildl Res 52:
207-212.
17. Calado M. (2009). Biologia e parasitoses do javali (Sus Scrofa) e repovoamento
de coelho-bravo (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Relatório Final de Estágio de Mestrado Integrado
em Medicina Veterinária. Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
18. Cabral MJ, Almeida J, Almeida PR, Delliger T, Ferrand de Almeida N, Oliveira
ME, Palmeirim JM, Queirós AI, Rogado L, Santos-Reis M (2005). Livro Vermelho
dos Vertebrados de Portugal. Instituto da Conservação da Natureza, Lisboa,
Portugal.
19. Fonseca C, Alves da Silva A, Alves J, Vingada J, Soares AMVM (2011). Reproductive
performance of wild boar females in Portugal. Eur J Wildl Res 57: 363-
371.
20. Gortazar C, Diez-Delgado I, Barasona JA, Vicente J, De La Fuente J, Boadella
M (2015). The wild side of disease control at the wildlife-livestock-human interface:
a review. Front Vet Sci 1: 27.
21. Faria AS, Paiva-Cardoso MdN, Nunes M, Carreira T, Vale-Gonçalves HM, Veloso
O, Coelho C, Cabral JA, Vieira-Pinto M, Vieira ML (2015). First detection of
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA in serum of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Northern
Portugal by nested-PCR. EcoHealth 12(1): 183-187.
22. Camacho C, Coulouris G, Avagyan V, Ma N, Papadopoulos J, Bealer K, Madden
TL (2008). BLAST+: architecture and applications. BMC Bioinformatics 10:
421.
23. Estrada-Peña A, Osácar JJ, Pichon B, Gray JS (2005). Hosts and pathogen
detection for immature stages of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in North-Central
Spain. Exp Appl Acarol 37: 257-268.
24. Morán Cadenas F, Rais O, Humair P-F, Douet V, Moret J, Gern L (2007). Identification
of host bloodmeal source and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in field-collected
Ixodes ricinus ticks in Chaumont (Switzerland). J Med Entomol 44: 1109-1117.
25. Juricová Z, Hubálek Z (2009). Serologic survey of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) for
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 9: 479-482.
26. Humair PF, Rais O, Gern L, (1999). Transmission of Borrelia afzelii from Apodemus
mice and Clethrionomys voles to Ixodes ricinus ticks: differential transmission pattern
and overwintering maintenance, Parasitology 118(Pt 1): 33–42.
27. Hanincová K, Schäfer SM, Etti S, Sewell HS, Taragelová V, Ziak D, Labuda M,
Kurtenbach K (2003). Association of Borrelia afzelii with rodents in Europe. Parasitology
126(Pt 1): 11-20.
28. Kurtenbach K, De Michelis S, Sewell HS, Etti S, Schäfer SM, Hails R, Collares-
Pereira M, Santos-Reis M, Hanincová K, Labuda M, Bormane A, Donaghy M
(2001). Distinct combinations of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies found
in individual questing ticks from Europe. Appl Environ Microbiol 67(10): 4926-
4929.
29. Baptista S, Quaresma A, Aires T, Kurtenbach K, Santos-Reis M, Nicholson M,
Collares-Pereira M (2004). Lyme borreliosis spirochetes in questing ticks from
mainland Portugal. Int J Med Microbiol 293(Suppl 37): 109-116.
30. Matuschka, FR, Klug, B, Schinkel, TW, Spielman, A, Richter D (1998). Diversity
of European spirochetes at the southern margin of their range. Appl Environ
Microbiol 64: 1980–1982.
31. Núncio MS, Schouls LM, van de Pool I, Almeida V, Filipe AR (2002). Ecoepidemiology
of Borrelia spp. on Madeira Island, Portugal lnt J Med Microbiol 291(Suppl.
33): 212.
32. Wodecka B, Rymaszewska A, Skotarczak B (2014). Host and pathogen DNA
identification in blood meals of nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks from forest parks and
rural forests of Poland. Exp Appl Acarol 62: 543-555.
33. Doby J, Rolland C, Barrat J (1991). The large forest mammals reservoirs for
Borrelia burgdorferi agent of the lyme disease? Serological examination of 543 deers
and wild boars. Rec Med Vet 167: 55-61.
34. Angelov L, Arnaudov D, Rakadjieva TT, Lichev D, Kostova E (1995). Lyme
borreliosis in Bulgaria (epidemiologic and epizootologic review). In: Report of
WHO Workshop on Lyme Borreliosis Diagnosis and Surveillance. Warsaw, Poland
(June 20-22).
35. Juricova Z, Halouzka J, Forejtek P, Hubalek Z (1996). Detection of antibodies
to Borrelia burgdorferi in hares, wild boars and pheasants in the Czech Republic.
Biologia 51: 331-333.
36. Juricova Z, Halouzka J, Hubalek Z (2000). Prevalence of antibodies to Borrelia
burgdorferi in game animals in south Moravia, Czech Republic. Vet Med (Czech)
45: 145-148.
37. Juricová Z, Hubálek Z (2009). Serologic survey of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) for
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 9: 479-482.
38. De Michelis S, Sewell HS, Collares-Pereira M, Santos-Reis M, Schouls LM,
Benes V, Holmes EC, Kurtenbach K (2000). Genetic Diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi
sensu lato in ticks from mainland Portugal. J Clin Microbiol 38(6): 2128-2133.
39. Milhano N, de Carvalho IL, Alves AS, Arroube S, Soares J, Rodriguez P, Carolino
M, Núncio MS, Piesman J, de Sousa R (2010). Coinfections of Rickettsia slovaca
and Rickettsia helvetica with Borrelia lusitaniae in ticks collected in a Safari Park, Portugal.
Ticks Tick-Borne Dis 1(4): 172-177.
40. Nunes M, Parreira R, Lopes N, Maia C, Carreira T, Sousa C, Faria S, Campino
L, Vieira ML (2015). Molecular identification of Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes ricinus
from Portugal. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 15(8): 515-517.
41. Mather TN, Fish D, Coughlin RT (1994). Competence of dogs as reservoirs for
Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi). J Am Vet Med Assoc 205(2): 186-
188.
- Vector-borne diseases (2014). Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Consultado em 10 de
setembro de 2015. In: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/vectors/world-
-health-day-2014/Documents/factsheet-lyme-borreliosis.pdf
2. Rizzoli A, Hauffe H, Carpi G, Vourc HG, Neteler M, Rosa R (2011). Lyme
borreliosis in Europe. Euro Surveill 16(27): pii= 19906.
3. EUCALB (2015). European Concerted Action on Lyme Borreliosis (EUCALB).
Consultado em 10 de Setembro de 2015. In: http://meduni09.edis.at/
eucalb/cms_15/index.php
4. Gern L (2009). Life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and transmission to
humans. Curr Probl Dermatol 37:18-30.
5. Rudenko N, Golovchenko M, Grubhoffer L, Oliver JH (2011). Updates on
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex with respect to public health. Ticks Tick
Borne Dis 2(3): 123-128.
6. Ivanova LB, Tomova A, González-Acuña D, Murúa R, Moreno CX, Hernández
C, Cabello J, Cabello C, Daniels TJ, Godfrey HP, Cabello FC (2014). Borrelia chilensis,
a new member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex that extends the
range of this genospecies in the Southern Hemisphere. Environ Microbiol 16(4):
1069-1080.
7. Humair PF, Gern L (2000). The wild hidden face of Lyme borreliosis in Europe.
Microbes Infect, 2(8): 915-922.
8. Stanek G; Fingerle V, Hunfeld KP, Jaulhac B, Kaiser R, Krause A, Kristoferitsch
W, O’Connell S, Ornstein K, Strle F, Gray J (2011). Lyme borreliosis: Clinical
case definitions for diagnosis and management in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect
17(1): 69-79.
9. David de Morais JA, Filipe AR, Núncio MS (1989). Doença de Lyme em Portugal:
caso clínico. Rev Port Doenças Infec 12: 261-274.
10. Núncio M, Péter O, Alves M, Bacellar F, Filipe A (1993). Isolamento e caracterização
de borrélias de Ixodes ricinus em Portugal. Rev Port Doenças Infec 16:175-
179.
11. Collares-Pereira M, Couceiro S, Franca I, Kurtenbach K, Schäfer SM, Vitorino
L, Gonçalves L, Baptista S, Vieira ML, Cunha C (2004). First Isolation of Borrelia
lusitaniae from a human patient. J Clin Microbiol 42(3): 1316-1318.
12. Couceiro S, Baptista S, Franca I, Gonçalves L, Vieira ML, & Collares-Pereira,
M (2003). Cultura vs PCR: que apoio ao diagnóstico de Borreliose de Lyme? Acta
Reumatol Port 28(2): 77-82.
13. Lopes de Carvalho I, Núncio MS (2006). Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis
at the Portuguese National Institute of Health (1990-2004). Euro Surveill
11(10): 257-60.
14. Lopes de Carvalho I, Milhano N, Santos AS, Almeida V, Barros SC, de Sousa R,
Núncio MS (2008). Detection of Borrelia lusitaniae, Rickettsia sp. IRS3, Rickettsia monacensis,
and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus collected in Madeira Island,
Portugal. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis 8(4): 575-579.
15. Gern L, Estrada-Peña A, Frandsen F, Gray JS, Jaenson TGT, Jongejan F, Kahl
O, Korenberg E, Mehl R, Nuttall PA (1998). European reservoir hosts of Borrelia
burgdorferi sensu lato. Zentralbl Bakteriol 287: 196-204.
16. Santos P, Fernández-Llario P, Fonseca C, Monzón A, Bento P, Soares AMV.M,
Mateos-Quesada P, Petrucci-Fonseca F (2006). Habitat and reproductive phenology
of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the western Iberian Peninsula. Eur J Wildl Res 52:
207-212.
17. Calado M. (2009). Biologia e parasitoses do javali (Sus Scrofa) e repovoamento
de coelho-bravo (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Relatório Final de Estágio de Mestrado Integrado
em Medicina Veterinária. Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
18. Cabral MJ, Almeida J, Almeida PR, Delliger T, Ferrand de Almeida N, Oliveira
ME, Palmeirim JM, Queirós AI, Rogado L, Santos-Reis M (2005). Livro Vermelho
dos Vertebrados de Portugal. Instituto da Conservação da Natureza, Lisboa,
Portugal.
19. Fonseca C, Alves da Silva A, Alves J, Vingada J, Soares AMVM (2011). Reproductive
performance of wild boar females in Portugal. Eur J Wildl Res 57: 363-
371.
20. Gortazar C, Diez-Delgado I, Barasona JA, Vicente J, De La Fuente J, Boadella
M (2015). The wild side of disease control at the wildlife-livestock-human interface:
a review. Front Vet Sci 1: 27.
21. Faria AS, Paiva-Cardoso MdN, Nunes M, Carreira T, Vale-Gonçalves HM, Veloso
O, Coelho C, Cabral JA, Vieira-Pinto M, Vieira ML (2015). First detection of
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA in serum of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Northern
Portugal by nested-PCR. EcoHealth 12(1): 183-187.
22. Camacho C, Coulouris G, Avagyan V, Ma N, Papadopoulos J, Bealer K, Madden
TL (2008). BLAST+: architecture and applications. BMC Bioinformatics 10:
421.
23. Estrada-Peña A, Osácar JJ, Pichon B, Gray JS (2005). Hosts and pathogen
detection for immature stages of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in North-Central
Spain. Exp Appl Acarol 37: 257-268.
24. Morán Cadenas F, Rais O, Humair P-F, Douet V, Moret J, Gern L (2007). Identification
of host bloodmeal source and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in field-collected
Ixodes ricinus ticks in Chaumont (Switzerland). J Med Entomol 44: 1109-1117.
25. Juricová Z, Hubálek Z (2009). Serologic survey of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) for
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 9: 479-482.
26. Humair PF, Rais O, Gern L, (1999). Transmission of Borrelia afzelii from Apodemus
mice and Clethrionomys voles to Ixodes ricinus ticks: differential transmission pattern
and overwintering maintenance, Parasitology 118(Pt 1): 33–42.
27. Hanincová K, Schäfer SM, Etti S, Sewell HS, Taragelová V, Ziak D, Labuda M,
Kurtenbach K (2003). Association of Borrelia afzelii with rodents in Europe. Parasitology
126(Pt 1): 11-20.
28. Kurtenbach K, De Michelis S, Sewell HS, Etti S, Schäfer SM, Hails R, Collares-
Pereira M, Santos-Reis M, Hanincová K, Labuda M, Bormane A, Donaghy M
(2001). Distinct combinations of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies found
in individual questing ticks from Europe. Appl Environ Microbiol 67(10): 4926-
4929.
29. Baptista S, Quaresma A, Aires T, Kurtenbach K, Santos-Reis M, Nicholson M,
Collares-Pereira M (2004). Lyme borreliosis spirochetes in questing ticks from
mainland Portugal. Int J Med Microbiol 293(Suppl 37): 109-116.
30. Matuschka, FR, Klug, B, Schinkel, TW, Spielman, A, Richter D (1998). Diversity
of European spirochetes at the southern margin of their range. Appl Environ
Microbiol 64: 1980–1982.
31. Núncio MS, Schouls LM, van de Pool I, Almeida V, Filipe AR (2002). Ecoepidemiology
of Borrelia spp. on Madeira Island, Portugal lnt J Med Microbiol 291(Suppl.
33): 212.
32. Wodecka B, Rymaszewska A, Skotarczak B (2014). Host and pathogen DNA
identification in blood meals of nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks from forest parks and
rural forests of Poland. Exp Appl Acarol 62: 543-555.
33. Doby J, Rolland C, Barrat J (1991). The large forest mammals reservoirs for
Borrelia burgdorferi agent of the lyme disease? Serological examination of 543 deers
and wild boars. Rec Med Vet 167: 55-61.
34. Angelov L, Arnaudov D, Rakadjieva TT, Lichev D, Kostova E (1995). Lyme
borreliosis in Bulgaria (epidemiologic and epizootologic review). In: Report of
WHO Workshop on Lyme Borreliosis Diagnosis and Surveillance. Warsaw, Poland
(June 20-22).
35. Juricova Z, Halouzka J, Forejtek P, Hubalek Z (1996). Detection of antibodies
to Borrelia burgdorferi in hares, wild boars and pheasants in the Czech Republic.
Biologia 51: 331-333.
36. Juricova Z, Halouzka J, Hubalek Z (2000). Prevalence of antibodies to Borrelia
burgdorferi in game animals in south Moravia, Czech Republic. Vet Med (Czech)
45: 145-148.
37. Juricová Z, Hubálek Z (2009). Serologic survey of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) for
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 9: 479-482.
38. De Michelis S, Sewell HS, Collares-Pereira M, Santos-Reis M, Schouls LM,
Benes V, Holmes EC, Kurtenbach K (2000). Genetic Diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi
sensu lato in ticks from mainland Portugal. J Clin Microbiol 38(6): 2128-2133.
39. Milhano N, de Carvalho IL, Alves AS, Arroube S, Soares J, Rodriguez P, Carolino
M, Núncio MS, Piesman J, de Sousa R (2010). Coinfections of Rickettsia slovaca
and Rickettsia helvetica with Borrelia lusitaniae in ticks collected in a Safari Park, Portugal.
Ticks Tick-Borne Dis 1(4): 172-177.
40. Nunes M, Parreira R, Lopes N, Maia C, Carreira T, Sousa C, Faria S, Campino
L, Vieira ML (2015). Molecular identification of Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes ricinus
from Portugal. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 15(8): 515-517.
41. Mather TN, Fish D, Coughlin RT (1994). Competence of dogs as reservoirs for
Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi). J Am Vet Med Assoc 205(2): 186-
188.
Publicado
2018-08-30
Como Citar
1.
Faria AS, Paiva-Cardoso M da N, Nunes M, Carreira T, Vale-Gonçalves HM, Veloso O, Coelho C, Cabral JA, Vieira-Pinto M, Vieira ML. Primeira deteção de DNA de Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato em javalis. ihmt [Internet]. 30Ago.2018 [citado 25Abr.2024];14:31-4. Available from: https://anaisihmt.com/index.php/ihmt/article/view/142
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