Estudo comparativo de estratégias/PNS de países europeus membros da OCDE
Palavras-chave:
Planeamento Estratégico em Saúde, Plano Nacional de Saúde, Política de Saúde, Portugal, Europa, Sistemas de Serviços de Saúde
Resumo
A adoção de planos em todos os setores da sociedade tem ganho em importância, pela sua capacidade de influenciar a tomada de decisão. O planeamento estratégico (PE), enquanto procedimento complexo, participado e mobilizador de todos os quadrantes da sociedade, contribui para ganhos em conhecimento e para a difusão do mesmo, legitimando visões estratégicas e clarificando áreas prioritárias de intervenção. O PE no setor da saúde (PES) emergiu na década de 1990, fortemente impulsionado pela Global Strategy for Health for All by the Year 2000 e, mais recentemente, pela Health 21 – Health for All in the 21st Century. Com o intuito de maximizar os ganhos em saúde nos países europeus, o Comité Regional da OMS na Europa adotou um plano de saúde até 2020, o qual constitui a base de muitos dos atuais PNS (Plano Nacional de Saúde) europeus. Em Portugal, o PNS em vigor encontra-se em versão revista e prolongada a 2020, de acordo com os documentos internacionais de política de saúde. Com o objetivo de comparar os diferentes PNS dos países europeus da Organização de Cooperação e de Desenvolvimento Económico (OCDE), o presente trabalho começa por enquadrar historicamente o PES em Portugal e na Europa. O estudo incide sobre os 24 países europeus da OCDE com documentação do processo de planeamento ou de política de saúde, disponíveis publicamente em espanhol, francês, inglês ou português. A análise documental é feita recorrendo a um quadro lógico e a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados comparam a estrutura de governação da saúde, os processos de planeamento e os "ingredientes essenciais" das estratégias nacionais, tentando enquadrá-las na diversidade de conjunturas dos países. Esta análise comparativa permite, entre outros contributos, identificar modelos de PE utilizados nos países europeus da OCDE, realçando diferentes tipos de planeamento. Possibilita ainda tecer considerações que podem resultar em sugestões para um PES que, embora ainda com défice de capacidade, é cada vez mais value- and evidence-based, refletindo os imperativos morais, sociais, económicos, epidemiológicos e sanitários para promover e proteger a saúde e garantir o bem-estar.
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Referências
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2. Berke P, Godschalk D (2009) Searching for the good plan: a meta-analysis of plan
quality studies. Journal of planning literatures: 23; 227-240.
3. Mintzberg H, Ahlstrand B, Lampel JB (2009). Strategy Safari: your complete guide
through the wilds of strategic management, NY: Prentice Hall.
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2000. Geneva.
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Copenhaguen.
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sobre planeamento de saúde no Brasil. In: GALLO, E. Razão e Planejamento. Reflexões
sobre Política, Estratégia e Liberdade. Hucitec/Abrasco. São Paulo/Rio de Janeiro.
Brasil.
7. Craveiro I, Ferrinho P (2001). Planear estrategicamente: a prática no SNS. Revista
Portuguesa de Saúde Pública, 19 (2): 27-37.
8. Ferrinho P et al (2013). Da gestão estratégica do sistema de saúde português à avaliação
do seu desempenho – um percurso em construção. Anais do Instituto de Higiene
e Medicina Tropical; 2º Congresso Nacional de Medicina Tropical: 76-87.
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Direcção Geral da Saúde.Lisboa.
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Geral da Saúde. Lisboa.
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the Implementation of the National Health Plan. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office
for Europe. http://www.euro.who.int/document/e90146.pdf
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Comissariado da Saúde. Lisboa.
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do estado de Goiás. Filho, CG & Trempe N (coord.) (2008). Secretaria de
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of Portugal (2004–2010). WHO Regional Office for Europe. Copenhagen.
16. Pereira J, Furtado C (2010). Acesso e Equidade aos Cuidados de Saúde. Análise
Especializada. Alto Comissariado da Saúde. Lisboa.
17. Ramos V, Gonçalves C (2010). Cidadania em Saúde um Caminho a Percorrer. Alto
Comissariado da Saúde. Lisboa.
18. Rego I (2011). Políticas Públicas Saudáveis. Tese submetida ao IHMT da UNL para
obtenção do grau de Mestre em Saúde e Desenvolvimento. Lisboa.
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Nacional de Saúde - Um Percurso Comentado. Almedina. Coimbra.
20. Ministério da Saúde (2010). Plano Nacional de Saúde 2011-2016. Alto Comissariado
da Saúde. Lisboa.
21. Hartz Z, Ferrinho P (2011). Avaliação de desempenho dos sistemas de saúde: um
contributo para o Plano Nacional de Saúde 2011-2016. pp 58-79, Capítulo 3 em A
Nova Saúde Pública. A Saúde Pública da Era do Conhecimento. Livro de Homenagem
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22. World Health Organization (2013). Health 2020. A European policy framework
and strategy for the 21st century. WHO Regional Office for Europe. Copenhagen.
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and of the Council on Establishing a Health for Growth Programme, the third
multi-annual programme of EU action in the field of health for the period 2014-2020.
24. Pita Barros P, Machado S, Simões J (2011). Portugal: Health system review. Health
Systems in Transition 13(4): 1–156.
25. Beja A, Ferrinho P, Craveiro I (2014). Evolução da prevenção e combate à obesidade
de crianças e jovens em Portugal ao nível do planeamento estratégico. Revista
Portuguesa de Saúde Pública; 32 (1) 10–17.
26. Bowen GA (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative
Research Journal 9 (2): 27 – 40.
27. International Health Partnership (2009). Joint Assessment of National Health
Strategies and Plans. Combined Joint Assessment Tool and Guidelines.WHO.Geneva.
www.internationalhealthpartnership.net
28. World Health Organization and International Health Partnership (2011). Monitoring,
evaluation and review of national health strategies. A country-led platform for
information and accountability. Geneva.
29. Albreht T, Turk E, Toth M, Ceglar J, Marn S, Pribaković Brinovec R, Schäfer M,
Avdeeva O, van Ginneken E (2009). Slovenia: Health system review. Health Systems
in Transition 11(3): 1-168.
30. Szalay T, Pažitný P, Szalayová A, Frisová S, Morvay K, Petrovič M, van Ginneken
E (2011) Slovakia: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition 13(2):1–200.
31. Lai T, Habicht T, Kahur K, Reinap M, Kiivet R, Van Ginneken E (2013). Estonia:
Health system review. Health Systems in Transition 15(6):1–196.
32. Economou C (2010). Greece: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition,
12(7):1–180.
33. Gaál P, Szigeti S, Csere M, Gaskins M, Panteli D (2011). Hungary: Health system
review. Health Systems in Transition 13(5):1–266.
34. McDaid D, Wiley M, Maresso A, Mossialos E (2009). Ireland: Health system review.
Health Systems in Transition 11(4): 1 – 268.
35. Sigurgeirsdóttir S, Waagfjörð J, Maresso A (2014). Iceland: Health system review.
Health Systems in Transition 16(6):1–182.
36. Busse R, Blümel M (2014). Germany: health system review. Health Systems in
Transition 16(2):1–296.
37. Olejaz M, Juul Nielsen A, Rudkjøbing A, Okkels Birk H, Krasnik A, Hernández-
-Quevedo C (2012). Denmark: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition
14(2):1 – 192.
38. García-Armesto S, Abadía-Taira MB, Durán A, Hernández-Quevedo C, Bernal-
-Delgado E (2010). Spain: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition 12(4):1–
295.
39. Chevreul K, Durand-Zaleski I, Bahrami S, Hernández-Quevedo C and Mladovsky
P (2010). France: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition 12(6): 1– 291.
40. Seán Boyle (2011). United Kingdom (England): Health system review. Health Systems
in Transition 13(1):1–486.
41. Steel D, Cylus J (2012). United Kingdom (Scotland): Health system review. Health
Systems in Transition 14(9): 1–150.
42. O’Neill C, McGregor P, Merkur S (2012). United Kingdom (Northern Ireland):
Health system review. Health Systems in Transition 14(10): 1– 91.
43. Longley M, Riley N, Davies P, Hernández-Quevedo C (2012). United Kingdom
(Wales): Health system review. Health Systems in Transition 14(11): 1 – 84.
44. Anell A, Glenngård AH, Merkur S (2012). Sweden: Health system review. Health
Systems in Transition 14(5):1–159.
45. Hofmarcher M, Quentin W (2013). Austria: Health system review. Health Systems
in Transition 15(7): 1– 291.
46. Gerkens S, Merkur S (2010). Belgium: Health system review. Health Systems in
Transition 12(5):1–266.
47. Vuorenkoski L, Mladovsky P, Mossialos E (2008). Finland: Health system review.
Health Systems in Transition 10(4): 1–168.
48. Schäfer W, Kroneman M, Boerma W, van den Berg M, Westert G, Devillé W and
van Ginneken E (2010). The Netherlands: Health system review. Health Systems in
Transition 12(1):1–229.
49. Ferré F, de Belvis AG, Valerio L, Longhi S, Lazzari A, Fattore G, Ricciardi W, Maresso
A (2014). Italy: Health System Review. Health Systems in Transition 16(4):1–168.
50. Ringard Å, Sagan A, Sperre Saunes I, Lindahl AK (2013). Norway: Health system
review. Health Systems in Transition 15(8): 1– 162.
51. Alexa J, Rečka L, Votápková J, van Ginneken E, Spranger A, Wittenbecher F (2015).
Czech Republic: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition 17(1):1–165.
52. Böhm K et al (2013). Five types of OECD healthcare systems: empirical results of
a deductive classification. Health Poçicy 113: 258-269.
53. Ministry of the Interior and Health (2003) Healthy throughout Life – the targets
and strategies for public health policy of the Government of Denmark, 2002–2010.
Denmark.
54. The Scottish Government (2007). Better Health, Better Care: Action Plan. Edinburgh.
55. Strategický rámec starostlivosti o zdravie pre roky 2014 – 2030.
56. Strategija Razvoja Dejavnosti Javnega Zdravja 2013 – 2023.
57. Ministry of Health (2008). National Health Plan 2009–2020. Estonia.
58. Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (2001). Government Resolution on the Health
2015 public health programme. Helsinki.
59. The Government of the Republic of Hungary (2007). The New Hungary Development
Plan. National Strategic Reference Framework of Hungary 2007–2013. Employment
and Growth. Hungary.
60. Department of Health (2009). NHS 2010–2015: from good to great.preventative,
people-centred, productive. London.
61. Department of Health (2012). Healthy Ireland. A Framework for Improved Health
and Wellbeing 2013 – 2025. Dublin.
62. The Government of Iceland, Prime Minister´s Office (2011). Iceland 2020 – governmental
policy statement for the economy and community. Knowledge, sustainability,
welfare. Reykjavík.
63. Ministero della Salute (2010). Conferenza delle Regioni e delle Province Autonome.
Piano Sanitario Nazionale 2011-2013. Roma.
64. Ministry of Health and Care Services (2012). National Health and Care Services
Plan (2011–2015). Meld. St. 16 (2010–2011) Report to the Storting (white paper).
Oslo.
65. Ministry of Regional Development (2006). National Development Strategy 2007-
2015. Warszawa.
66. Ministry of Health (2014). Health 2020 National Strategy for Health Protection
and Promotion and Disease Prevention. Prague.
67. Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Sweden. Challenges to the health care of the
future. Summary of the National Action Plan for the Development of Health Care.
68. Federal Department of Home Affairs, Swiss Confederation (2011). Health 2020.
The Federal Council’s health-policy priorities. Geneva.
69. Ferrinho H (1993). Comunicação Educativa e Desenvolvimento Rural. Edições
Afrontamento. Portugal.
70. gesundheitsziele.de (2003). Forum for the Development and Implementation of
Health Targets in Germany. Report - Abridged Version - 14 February.
71. Department of Health, Workforce Directorate ( 2005). A National Framework to
Support Local Workforce Strategy Development – A Guide for HR Directors in the
NHS and Social Care. London.
72. The Federal Government. Shaping Global Health. Taking Joint Action. Embracing
Responsibility. The Federal Government’s Strategy Paper. Berlin.
73. Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2012). Global health in foreign and development
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Publicado
2018-09-01
Como Citar
1.
Ferrinho P, Sá Guerreiro C, Portugal R. Estudo comparativo de estratégias/PNS de países europeus membros da OCDE. ihmt [Internet]. 1Set.2018 [citado 24Nov.2024];14:71-4. Available from: https://anaisihmt.com/index.php/ihmt/article/view/152
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